City’s defender was making his 71st professional appearance for the Three Lions, bringing him within one cap of former Blues boss and 1966 World Cup champion Alan Ball.
However, the 29-year-old was replaced by Liverpool’s Joe Gomez in the 10th minute after suffering an injury.
Gareth Southgate’s side’s fortunes took a turn for the worst as Youri Tielemans broke the deadlock for the Red Devils after intercepting Jordan Pickford’s clearance.
Despite falling behind, the hosts equalised five minutes later when Ivan Toney was hauled down inside the area and coolly despatched the penalty.
It was the Brentford striker’s first England goal, and it appeared to be a night of firsts at Wembley Stadium when West Ham’s Jared Bowen headed his country into the lead, which would have been his first as well.
However, with the help of VAR, his flick was ruled out as replays revealed the attacker had drifted into an offside position.
With 10 minutes remaining in the first half, the pendulum flipped in Belgium’s favor when Romelu Lukaku latched onto a diagonal pass, and Tielemans headed home his clipped ball across goal.
The Aston Villa midfielder’s second goal of the night was his sixth for his country, and his third against England.
England came close after the break via Kobbie Mainoo and then Foden, but the goal the hosts sought appeared to elude them as the game entered stoppage time.
However, they drew level in the fifth extra minute when Jude Bellingham controlled the ball and slotted home.
Southgate’s team will next face Bosnia and Herzegovina on Monday, June 3, as they prepare for the 2024 European Championships in Germany.